1번부터 17번까지는 듣고 답하는 문제입니다. 1번부터 15번까지는 한 번만 들려주고, 16번부터 17번까지는 두 번 들려줍니다.방송을 잘 듣고 답을 하시기 바랍니다.

고 3	영어 영역

	영어 영역	고 3

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8

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2017학년도 7월 고3 전국연합학력평가 문제지

영어 영역

제 3 교시

1. 대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

① Right. That’s the best place.

② Well, it’s too far away from here.

③ Probably, but the trip was cancelled.

④ No way. I cannot be there tomorrow.

⑤ Yes, they said it’s going to rain.

2. 대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

① You should have been more careful.

② Thanks for showing me your recipe.

③ That’s why onions make you healthy.

④ Please, help me chop the onions.

⑤ You’re such a great cook.

3. 다음을 듣고, 여자가 하는 말의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

① 등교 시간 변경을 알리려고

② 아침 급식 실시를 공지하려고

③ 학생증 발급 절차를 설명하려고

④ 학교 식당 내의 질서 유지를 당부하려고

⑤ 건강에 유익한 아침 식단을 추천하려고

4. 대화를 듣고, 여자의 의견으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

① 일을 결정하기 전에 함께 할 사람들과 상의해야 한다.

② 자원봉사 시 도움 받는 이의 감정을 고려해야 한다.

③ 작은 자선행위라도 모이면 큰 힘을 발휘할 수 있다.

④ 지역사회의 행사에 적극적으로 참여해야 한다.

⑤ 예술 동아리 활동은 정서 발달에 도움이 된다.

5. 대화를 듣고, 두 사람의 관계를 가장 잘 나타낸 것을 고르시오.

①	소설가 - 서점 직원	② 화가 - 전시 기획자

③ 시나리오 작가 – 영화감독	④ 번역가 - 잡지사 편집장

⑤ 책 표지 디자이너 – 출판사 직원

6. 대화를 듣고, 그림에서 대화의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오.

7. 대화를 듣고, 남자가 여자에게 부탁한 일로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

① 책 반납하기	② 잡지 기사 복사하기

③ 발표 대본 검토하기	④ 물리학 노트 빌려주기

⑤ 신문 기사 스크랩하기

8. 대화를 듣고, 여자가 동창 모임에 참석할 수 없는 이유를 고르시오.

① 해외 출장을 가야 해서

② 승진 시험에 응시해야 해서

③ 가족 행사에 참석해야 해서

④ 병원 진료가 예약되어 있어서

⑤ 회사 동료의 결혼식에 가야 해서

9. 대화를 듣고, 남자가 지불할 금액을 고르시오. [3점]

① $36	② $40	③ $54	④ $56	⑤ $60

10. 대화를 듣고, Korean Speech Contest에 관해 언급되지 않은 것을 고르시오.

① 참가 대상	② 연설 주제	③ 원고 분량

④ 시상 인원	⑤ 신청 기간

11. Caribbean Grand Park에 관한 다음 내용을 듣고, 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오.

① 10개가 넘는 명소가 있다.

② 돌고래와 함께 수영을 할 수 있다.

③ 어린이를 위한 자연 체험 프로그램이 있다.

④ 마야 전통 춤 공연이 일 년 내내 진행된다.

⑤ 밤에 빛과 색을 이용한 쇼가 열린다.

12. 다음 표를 보면서 대화를 듣고, 두 사람이 구매할 피아노를

고르시오.

Digital Pianos

	Model	Number of Keys	Portable	Price ($)	Color
①	A	61	×	550	White
②	B	76	○	600	Black
③	C	76	○	650	White
④	D	88	○	750	Black
⑤	E	88	×	800	White

13. 대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점]

Woman:

① Just your phone number is enough.

② Don’t forget to bring your textbook.

③ I don’t remember who the driver was.

④ A lot of lost property is never claimed.

⑤ Your ID card has not been proven valid.

14. 대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점]

Man:

① I think I shouldn’t have bought it online.

② It was great to learn how to use an AED.

③ I’ll let you know a place you can get training.

④ More of them must be installed in this building.

⑤ It’s dangerous for an amateur to teach how to use it.

15. 다음 상황 설명을 듣고, Kate가 Michael에게 할 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Kate:

① How about posting an ad in the local newspaper?

② Visit the community center for more information.

③ You can open a flea market to raise funds.

④ Why don’t you join more sports programs?

⑤ I would suggest cancelling the event.

[16~17] 다음을 듣고, 물음에 답하시오.

16. 남자가 하는 말의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?

① tips for cooking foods high in protein

② factors that interrupt protein intake

③ health benefits of proteinrich foods

④ the amount of protein needed each day

⑤ ways to get enough protein from vegetables

17. 언급된 식품이 아닌 것은?

① eggs	② chicken breast	③ black rice

④ peanuts	⑤ cheese

이제 듣기 문제가 끝났습니다. 18번부터는 문제지의 지시에 따라 답을 하시기 바랍니다.

18. 다음 글의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것은?

Dear Sir,

Your organization is one of the major contributors to the community of Queens, and we are happy to be doing business with you. I am delighted to inform you that we have started another venture under the name “Happy Kids Day Care Center” within the Queens community. With our new facility we will be able to provide care for 100 kids in our community. The opening ceremony of our day care center is scheduled for Thursday, July 20, 2017, at 11:00 a.m. The event will be attended by our close business friends, our company members, and a few parents who have already enrolled their children in our first group. We would be extremely grateful if you could come to the event and be a part of our celebration. Kindly inform us of your decision as soon as possible.

Yours faithfully,

Dave Manly

① 보육시설 개관식에 초대하려고

② 어린이집 환경 개선을 건의하려고

③ 주민센터 이용 수칙을 안내하려고

④ 신규 사업에 대한 투자를 권유하려고

⑤ 보육교사 양성과정 수강생을 모집하려고

19. 다음 글에 드러난 ‘I’의 심경 변화로 가장 적절한 것은?

When my turn came, I was very confident. It was as if I knew, without a doubt, that the talented side of me really did exist. I had no fear whatsoever, no nervousness. I looked out over the audience, and I started to play. It was so beautiful. I was so caught up in how lovely I looked that at first I didn’t worry how I would sound. So it was a surprise to me when I hit the first wrong note and I realized something didn’t sound quite right. And then I hit another, and another followed that. A chill started at the top of my head and began to spread. Yet I couldn’t stop playing, as though my hands were bewitched. I played this strange mess through two repeats, the sour notes staying with me all the way to the end.

① sorrowful → delighted	② selfassured → embarrassed

③ scared    → relieved	④ anticipating → proud

⑤ excited   → bored

20. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

Coach Wooden often described his team as a finely tuned automobile. The top scorer or “star” of the team is the engine. But, no matter how powerful your engine is, you won’t get very far if you don’t have any wheels. Great scorers need ball handlers and passers to get them the ball. Those who play tenacious defense and put the ball in the scorer’s hands are the wheels. And what of the players at the end of the bench who rarely get in the game? They are the nuts and bolts that hold the wheels in place. Thus, every member of the team is important, from the players on the court to the people who pick up the towels in the locker room. And no one knows when each team member will have the greatest impact: the greatest element in stardom is the rest of the team.                         * tenacious: 집요한, 끈질긴

① 꾸준한 연습이 경기력 향상의 가장 큰 원동력이다.

② 자만심은 경기 결과에 부정적인 영향을 줄 수 있다.

③ 팀에서 구심점 역할을 하는 스타 선수 육성이 필요하다.

④ 실적에 기초한 구성원의 비교는 위화감을 조성할 수 있다.

⑤ 팀의 성공적인 수행을 위해 모든 구성원의 역할이 중요하다.

21. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?

In the drama of the theater, suspense follows a predictable recipe. Suspense occurs when wellliked main characters struggle to overcome obstacles and cope triumphantly with threats and dangers to their wellbeing. Such events occasion hopes and fears in the audience ― hopes for positive outcomes and fears of negative outcomes to the liked persons. Suspense thrives on hopes and fears. Seeing the hero battle obstacles and overcome crises engages the viewer in an emotional struggle in which the drama’s storyline and its conclusion events carry an emotional impact that would otherwise be missing. For instance, we feel little curiosity upon watching a Pony Express rider deliver mail at the next outpost, but we feel great curiosity via suspense if that same rider is a Western hero who loses his horse to a hostile environment, overcomes rattlesnake bites, outsmarts evilminded outlaws, and otherwise fights his way triumphantly to the next outpost.

① how suspense is developed in drama

②  factors that make suspense movies popular

③  the use of dramas to heal emotional problems

④  reasons we can predict the storylines in drama

⑤  our tendency to make stories from our experiences

[22~23] 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

22. We humans share our understanding of “what is out there” in the world, but we are not entirely born into it. We all begin in a kind of sensory chaos ― what William James called an “aboriginal sensible muchness”: a more or less undifferentiated mass of sounds and lights, colors and textures and smells. When we are growing up, we learn to bring attention to certain elements and to ignore others. By adulthood, we all agree on what is “out there.” But let’s focus on what we ignore: so much! The patterns of pebbles  in asphalt, the pitch of a radiator’s hiss, our own heart beating tangibly in our fingertips and temples. The infant has a mind unrestricted by experience: he has no expectations, so he is not closed off from experiencing something anew.

* aboriginal: 원래의  ** temple: 관자놀이

① Adults, Better Learners Than Kids

② The Outer Space: Orders in Chaos

③ We Notice Less Than We Are Able To!

④ Common Sense: Too Important to Ignore

⑤ How Do Infants Build Their Attention Spans?

23. One of the common problems of sensitive people is an excess of delta brainwaves. If you are one of these people, you might appear overly sensitive to the thoughts, feelings, and needs of other people. Your unconscious mind is picking up too many stimuli from the outside world and absorbing them inappropriately. What do you do with these stimuli? A common response is to assume that other people’s painful emotions are your own, with very little differentiation between what is yours and what is not yours. Or, because you are more aware of other people’s discomforts, you might feel a need to take responsibility for them ― to fix them. Sometimes this desire to fix them is simply an urge to alleviate the pain that you are feeling yourself as a result of being too interconnected with others’ emotions. Sometimes it is a more complex psychological game: because you can feel it so strongly, you must somehow have caused it. Therefore you feel guilty unless you do something about it.

① What Is Happening in the Minds of Sensitive People

② Your Behaviors Affect Your Unconscious Mind

③ Guilt: The Product of Excessive Desire

④ Control Your Negative Emotional Triggers

⑤ Being Sensitive Is Good for Your Mental Health

24. 다음 도표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

The graph above illustrates the number of people Canadians could turn to for support in an emergency by type of help in 2014. ① More than half of Canadians surveyed reported more than 5 people that they could count on if they needed emotional support, help with a physical injury, or a place to stay or help in an evacuation. ② For the same types of help, more than 30% reported 1 to 5 people they could rely on for assistance. ③ Financial support, however, shows a different pattern, with just 24% indicating that there were more than 5 people they could turn to. ④ Still, over half of individuals reported having 1 to 5 people that could assist them financially in an emergency. ⑤ In each category of help, except for financial support, more than 10% of respondents said that they had no one to rely on for assistance.

* evacuation: 피난, 대피

25. Charles Richard Drew에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

Charles Richard Drew was born in 1904 in Washington, D.C. Drew graduated from McGill University Medical School in Montreal, Canada, ranking second in a class of 137. Drew did graduate work and earned his doctorate of medical science from Columbia University. Drew’s research led to the discovery that blood plasma could replace whole blood in transfusions. He set up and administered the British blood bank from 1940 to 1941, and also served as medical director of the American Red Cross project to collect and store blood in 1941. Drew was dropped from the American Red Cross project because he objected to the policy of refusing the blood of black donors. He asserted that there was no scientific difference between the blood of blacks and whites. In 1950, he was seriously injured in a car accident in Alabama and died from having lost too much blood.

* blood plasma: 혈장

① 137명 중 2등으로 McGill 의과 대학을 졸업했다.

② Columbia 대학에서 의학 박사 학위를 받았다.

③ 영국 혈액은행을 설립하고 운영했다.

④ 흑인 기증자의 혈액을 거부하는 방침에 동조했다.

⑤ 자동차 사고로 인한 과다 출혈로 사망했다.

26. 2017 Melbourne Marathon에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

2017 Melbourne Marathon

Apply NOW to join us for the 2017 Melbourne Marathon. In addition to the thousands that participate in the full 42.195 km marathon, tens of thousands of people run the half marathon. There are also course options for beginners at lengths of 3 km, 5.7 km and 10 km.

Profits from the event will help fund new research to fight heart disease, which might save your life or the life of someone you love.

◈ Start & Finish Location:

Melbourne Cricket Ground

◈ Event Date: October 15, 2017

◈ Course Information

Course	Start Time	Admission
Full Marathon	7:00 a.m.	$155
Half Marathon	8:00 a.m.	$120
10 km Run	7:30 a.m.	$59
5.7 km Run	11:00 a.m.	$44
3 km Walk	11:15 a.m.	$35

For more information, visit www.melbournepoint.com.

① 초보자가 선택할 수 있는 코스가 있다.

② 수익금이 심장병 연구에 지원된다.

③ 출발 장소와 도착 장소가 동일하다.

④ 하프 마라톤 참가비는 120달러이다.

⑤ 10 km 달리기가 가장 일찍 시작된다.

27. Arizona Student Film Festival에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일치하는 것은?

Arizona Student Film Festival

The 2017 Arizona Student Film Festival will be held as part of the 2017 Phoenix Film Festival. Now is the time to enter your films to be part of this great event!

∙ We are accepting films from Arizona high school students.

∙ Films must have been made this year and must be under 8 minutes in length.

∙ The submission fee is only $10.

∙ The festival will be a 9day celebration running from September 15 to 23, 2017, including weekends.

∙ Films selected for the Arizona Students Film Festival will be screened at the Phoenix Film Festival.

∙ Send in your entry form and your video link to registration@asff.com. Please note that we won’t accept a DVD or CD copy of your film.

∙ Submissions must be entered by Friday, August 4, 2017.

① 고등학생은 참가할 수 없다.

② 출품작의 길이는 8분 이상이어야 한다.

③ 주말을 제외하고 9일 동안 진행된다.

④ 선정된 작품은 Phoenix Film Festival에서 상영된다.

⑤ 출품작은 DVD나 CD로 제출되어야 한다.

28. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?

There is a reason that prey animals form foraging groups, and that is increased vigilance. An individual redshank is faced with a choice when feeding. It could spend all of its time being vigilant, looking out for approaching ① predators. If it did so, it would certainly significantly reduce the chance that it would be taken by surprise, but it would also ② starve. A bird with its head in the air scanning for predators cannot at the same time have its head down searching for food. In reality of course an individual balances the two behaviors in accordance with the situation in which it finds itself, and as a member of a group it can shift the balance towards ③ feeding. The bigger the flock of birds, the less time an individual bird devotes to ④ relaxation. This is possible because the ⑤ presence of many sets of eyes in the flock effectively means that there is always somebody on the look out.

* vigilance: 경계

29. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? [3점]

The most dramatic and significant contacts between civilizations were ① when people from one civilization conquered and eliminated the people of another. These contacts normally were not only violent but brief, and ② they occurred only occasionally. Beginning in the seventh century A.D., relatively ③ sustained and at times intense intercivilizational contacts did develop between Islam and the West and Islam and India. Most commercial, cultural, and military interactions, however, were within civilizations. While India and China, for instance, were on occasion invaded and subjected by other peoples (Moguls, Mongols), both civilizations ④ having extensive times of “warring states” within their own civilization as well. Similarly, the Greeks fought each other and traded with each other far more often than they ⑤ did with Persians or other nonGreeks.

30. 밑줄 친 부분이 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?

Sir Humphry Davy recognized ‘the potential scientist’ in Michael Faraday. At that time Davy was working on chlorine. ① He was working very hard to prove that chlorine was an element and not a compound of oxygen as held by many scientists of the day. Davy encouraged Faraday to assist him in ② his experiments, and Faraday agreed with great enthusiasm. In October 1813, Davy went upon a tour of Europe along with ③ his wife. He asked Faraday to accompany him as ④ his assistant. Faraday’s pleasure knew no bounds on this bonus offer. He accepted the offer and went along with Davy and his wife and a few others. Till then, Faraday had not seen much outside London. Davy’s offer was simply exciting. Faraday had to resign his job before going on the tour. However, Davy promised to reappoint ⑤ him on their returning from the tour. The tour was a wonderful opportunity for selfeducation.

* chlorine: [화학] 염소

[31~34] 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

31. In a classic experiment from 1972, participants were divided into two groups. The members of the first group were told that they would receive a small electric shock. In the second group, subjects were told that the risk of this happening was only 50 percent. The researchers measured physical anxiety (heart rate, nervousness, sweating, etc.) shortly before starting. The result was, well, shocking: There was absolutely no difference. Participants in both groups were equally stressed. Next, the researchers announced a series of reductions in the probability of a shock for the second group: from 50 percent to 20 percent, then 10 percent, then 5 percent. The result: still no difference! However, when they declared they would increase the strength of the expected current, both groups’ anxiety levels rose — again, by the same degree. This illustrates that we respond to the expected magnitude of an event, but not to its              . [3점]

① utility	② source	③ novelty

④ likelihood	⑤ duration

32. How can a design innovate successfully? By                , always considering the interaction between the new ideas and the current work practice. Consider the history of the word processor. Originally, everyone used typewriters, and typing became the work model users understood. Early word processors stayed close to the typewriter model. They just provided better typing and better correction. Then word processors introduced cut and paste — metaphors taken from the physical operations of cutting with scissors and pasting with glue, something everyone had to do already. These features were an easy extension of the model. Then word processors introduced multiple buffers and multiple documents open at a time, making it easy to share and transfer text across documents. Then they introduced automatic wordwrapping and multiple fonts, and desktop publishing was born. Each step was an easy increment over the previous, and each step walked the user community a little further away from the typewriter model. [3점]

* increment: 증가

① taking one step at a time

② introducing a few constraints

③ discarding the old for the new

④ testing new ideas confidentially

⑤ weakening regulations on technologies

33. It is important to understand the distinction between energy and power. While units of energy measure the total quantity of work done, they don’t tell us how fast that work is being accomplished. For example, you could lift a oneton rock up the side of a mountain using only a small electric motor and a system of pulleys, but it would take a long time. A more powerful electric motor could do the job faster, while a still more powerful rocket engine could rapidly propel a payload of identical weight to the top of the mountain in a matter of seconds. Power is therefore defined as the                          . Think of it as energy per unit of time. The standard unit of electrical power is the watt (W). The amount of electrical energy a 10 W light bulb uses depends on how long it is lit: in one hour, it will use 10 Wh of energy. In the same amount of time, a hundred thousand such bulbs would use 1000 kilowatthours (kWh), which equals 1 megawatthour (MWh). [3점]

① process of gradually improving a system

② rate at which energy is produced or used

③ maximum strength that a machine can exert

④ capacity to convert electricity to something else

⑤ possession of control or command over something

34. To some participants, the principal value of fair trade lies not in changing the logic of markets but in                                                      . Unequal terms of trade, protective tariffs, quality standards, and other barriers have long combined to deny farmers in the global South, both small and large, access to profitable consumer markets in the rich nations. At the same time, they watch as their economies are flooded by the dumping of heavily subsidized, impossibly cheap food and consumer products from abroad that undermine their efforts simply to make ends meet. In this view, then, trade justice consists of facilitating access for producers to the Northern markets from which they have traditionally been excluded. This is the stance of many producer groups in the South, some of the Alternative Trading Organizations that work directly with them, some forprofit businesses engaged in fair trade, and many certifying organizations. [3점]

* tariff: 관세  ** the global South: 제3세계

① limiting damage to the environment

② righting the market’s historic injustices

③ preserving native cultures in the South

④ demanding corporate investment in agriculture

⑤ increasing production capacity of disadvantaged producers

35. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?

Robots are mechanical creatures that we make in the laboratory, so whether we have killer robots or friendly robots depends on the direction of AI research. ① In the West, much of the funding comes from the military, which is specifically given authority to win wars, so killer robots are a definite possibility. ② However, since 30 percent of all commercial robots are manufactured in Japan, there is another possibility: robots will be designed to become helpful playmates and workers from the very beginning. ③ The purpose for developing robot characters in online games is to make the players get enthusiastic. ④ This goal is within reach if the consumer sector dominates robotics research. ⑤ The philosophy of “friendly AI” is that inventors should create robots that, from the very first steps, are programmed to be beneficial to humans.

[36~37] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

36.

It is possible to measure how far away from us each galaxy is. How? How, for that matter, do we know how far away anything in the universe is? For nearby stars the best method uses something called ‘parallax’.

(A) All you need to know is how far apart your eyes are, and you can calculate the distance from eyes to finger by the size of the hops. That is the parallax method of estimating distances.

(B) Hold your finger up in front of your face and look at it with your left eye closed. Now open your left eye and close your right. Keep switching eyes, and you’ll notice that the apparent position of your finger hops from side to side.

(C) That is because of the difference between the viewpoints of your two eyes. Move your finger nearer, and the hops will become greater. Move your finger farther away and the hops become smaller.

① (A) - (C) - (B)	② (B) - (A) - (C)

③ (B) - (C) - (A)	④ (C) - (A) - (B)

⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

37.

A set of problems in social science centers on the limitations and design of social science research. It is not really possible to conduct some forms of controlled experiments on human beings.

(A) But in realworld observations, we cannot control many factors; this makes it difficult to pinpoint what it is that causes the behavior that we are studying. Moreover, even where some experimentation is permitted, human beings frequently modify their behavior simply because they know they are being observed in a social science experiment.

(B) For example, we cannot deliberately subject people to poverty and deprivation in order to make the necessary observations about causes of violence. In a laboratory, we can control all or most of the factors that go into the experimental situation.

(C)  This phenomenon, known as the Hawthorne effect, makes it difficult to determine whether the observed behavior is a product of the stimulus being introduced or merely a product of the experimental situation itself.

① (A) - (C) - (B)	② (B) - (A) - (C)

③ (B) - (C) - (A)	④ (C) - (A) - (B)

⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

[38~39] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.

38.

But equally evidently a lateacting lethal will be more stable in the gene pool than an earlyacting lethal.

Any gene exerts its maximum effect on bodies at some particular stage of life, and lethals and semilethals are not exceptions. ( ① ) Most genes exert their influence during foetal life, others during childhood, others during young adulthood, others in middle age, and yet others in old age. ( ② ) Obviously lethal genes will tend to be removed from the gene pool. ( ③ ) A gene that is lethal in an older body may still be successful in the gene pool, provided its lethal effect does not show itself until after the body has had time to do at least some reproducing. ( ④ ) For instance, a gene that made old bodies develop cancer could be passed on to numerous offspring because the individuals would reproduce before they got cancer. ( ⑤ ) On the other hand, a gene that made young adult bodies develop cancer would not be passed on to very many offspring, and a gene that made young children develop fatal cancer would not be passed on to any offspring at all. [3점]

* lethal: 치사 유전자  ** foetal: 태아의

39.

At the opposite end of the spectrum are those who want to assign an exact figure to everything.

Attitudes to measuring in the kitchen tend to be polarized. On the one hand, there are creative spirits who claim that they never weigh or measure anything. ( ① ) If you ask for a recipe from such a person, you will be told airily, “Oh, I never look at a cookbook”; if they do consult recipes, they happily play fast and loose with quantities. ( ② ) Every meal they cook is pure invention, pure instinct: cooking is an art and cannot be reduced to numbers. ( ③ ) They view recipes as strict formulas, not to be changed. ( ④ ) If a recipe calls for 325 ml double cream and a carton contains only 300 ml, then such people will anxiously buy a second carton to make up the shortfall. ( ⑤ ) People in this group are more likely to think that what they are doing is scientific, the idea being that the more we can measure and pin cooking down, the more like science it will be.

40. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? [3점]

Paradoxes are statements that seem contradictory but are actually true. Paradoxical values are found within cultures and between cultures. An example is the individual freedombelonging paradox. Individualism is a strong element of American society, and so is the need to belong. It seems paradoxical that both freedom and belonging are strong values of a single culture. The explanation is that in an individualistic society where people want to “do things their own way” and “go it alone,” people tend to become lonely if they don’t make an effort to belong. The opposite is found in Japan, where belonging is an integral part of society, and it takes an effort to behave in an individualistic way. According to the American Society of Association Executives in Washington, D.C., in 1995, there were some 100,000 associations and clubs in the United States. Seven of every 10 Americans belong to at least one club. There is no such phenomenon in Japan.

□

Certain     (A)     values that exist in one culture also exist in another culture but      (B)     .

	(A)		(B)
①	moral	……	in reverse
②	moral	……	in turn
③	traditional	……	temporarily
④	opposing	……	in reverse
⑤	opposing	……	temporarily

[41~42] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

Why did billions of dollars start flowing from governments and businesses into labs and universities? In academic circles, many are naive enough to believe in pure science. They believe that government and business altruistically give them money to pursue whatever research projects strike their fancy. But this hardly describes the realities of science funding.

Most scientific studies are funded because somebody believes they can help attain some political, economic, or religious goal.     (A)    , in the sixteenth century, kings and bankers channelled enormous resources to finance geographical expeditions around the world but not a penny for studying child psychology. This is because kings and bankers surmised that the discovery of new geographical knowledge would enable them to conquer new lands and set up trade empires, whereas they couldn’t see any profit in understanding child psychology. In the 1940s the governments of America and the Soviet Union channelled enormous resources to the study of nuclear physics rather than underwater archaeology. They surmised that studying nuclear physics would enable them to develop nuclear weapons, whereas underwater archaeology was unlikely to help win wars. Scientists themselves are not always aware of the political, economic, and religious interests that control the flow of money. Many scientists do, in fact, act out of pure intellectual curiosity.     (B)    , only rarely do scientists dictate the scientific agenda.

* surmise: 추측하다

41. 윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① How Curiosity Leads to Discovery

② Does Science Provide a Better Life?

③ What Motivates the Funding for Science?

④ The Greatest Scientific Studies of All Time

⑤ Nuclear Physics: A Promising Field of Science

42. 윗글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

	(A)		(B)
①	For example	……	Similarly
②	For example	……	However
③	Accordingly	……	Moreover
④	Furthermore	……	In contrast
⑤	Furthermore	……	Therefore

[43~45] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

(A)

Andrew Marks was in my sixthgrade homeroom and was bright, kind, rosycheeked, well dressed, and a little chubby. During recess one day, Andrew got involved in a card game of Uno with three other boys: Timmy, Travis, and a fourth boy whose name I don’t remember. I don’t know the rules of Uno, but apparently there are a couple of different ways you can play, various alternative rules and strategies that everyone must agree on at the beginning of the game. At that time I thought the boys did not confirm in advance what the rules would be because early on in the game Timmy managed to successfully execute a very rare move, and the three others told (a) him to take it back.

(B)

I knew I needed to step in despite the fact that my intervention could make things even worse. But before I could stand up I heard Andrew confront Travis, saying, “Leave (b) him alone. So what if he’s crying? You still cry sometimes, don’t you?” And that was it. In a poem I wrote I call it the “noblest act of courage I have ever seen,” and it still makes me shiver. Andrew was not exactly immune to Travis’s cruelty; Travis could easily have teased Andrew for being fat for his size, as he often did.

(C)

He was quite pleased with himself for placing his cards on the discard pile and was naturally crushed when the three other boys all told (c) him the move was not allowed in that particular game, that they were “not playing that way.” Timmy took his cards back, but (d) his bottom lip began to quiver. Seeing that vulnerability, cruel Travis began circling for the kill. “What? Are you about to cry? It’s just a game! And you’re going to cry? Look at Timmy, everyone, he’s crying! What a big baby!”

(D)

Nevertheless, Andrew Marks, knowing that what he was witnessing was bullying, pure and simple, put himself between the bully and the victim and took the bullet. When I called his mother that night to tell her what had happened, I think I cried myself. I told Mrs. Marks that Andrew was the kind of student who made me proud to be a teacher and that I had wanted to be just like (e) him when I was growing up.

43. 주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① (B) - (D) - (C)               ② (C) - (B) - (D)

③ (C) - (D) - (B)               ④ (D) - (B) - (C)

⑤ (D) - (C) - (B)

44. 밑줄 친 (a) ～ (e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?

① (a)	② (b)	③ (c)	④ (d)	⑤ (e)

45. 윗글의 내용으로 적절하지 않은 것은?

① ‘I’는 네 명의 소년들 중 한 명의 이름을 기억하지 못한다.

② ‘I’는 소년들이 게임 규칙을 미리 정하지 않았다고 생각했다.

③ Travis는 Andrew를 놀린 적이 없다.

④ Timmy는 자신이 낸 카드를 다시 가져왔다.

⑤ ‘I’는 Andrew의 어머니와 통화했다.

* 확인 사항

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