1번부터 17번까지는 듣고 답하는 문제입니다. 1번부터 15번까지는 한 번만 들려주고, 16번부터 17번까지는 두 번 들려줍니다. 방송을 잘 듣고 답을 하시기 바랍니다.

2015학년도 7월 고3 전국연합학력평가 문제지

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8

레전드스터디 닷컴 http://LegendStudy.com

1. 대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

① No. I bought it for your birthday.

② I’ll go to the shop and get a refund.

③ You’re right. I’ll get some ornaments.

④ I’m sorry. I don’t feel like fishing now.

⑤ That’s true. I need to clean the fish tank.

2. 대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

① Oops! I forgot to return the book.

② I wish you could remember where it was.

③ That sounds great. Everything’s going well so far.

④ Probably. It’s inconsiderate to damage public property.

⑤ You should have met the deadline for the assignment.

3. 다음을 듣고, 여자가 하는 말의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

① 할인 행사를 홍보하려고

② 쇼핑몰 상호 변경을 안내하려고

③ 공사로 인한 불편에 대해 사과하려고

④ 고객편의시설 이용을 권장하려고

⑤ 쇼핑몰 이전 계획을 공지하려고

4. 대화를 듣고, 두 사람이 하는 말의 주제로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

① 스마트폰의 다양한 기능

② 정기적인 건강검진의 중요성

③ 스마트폰 중독이 야기하는 사회문제

④ 학습에 도움이 되는 신문 활용법

⑤ 스마트폰 사용 시 바른 자세

5. 대화를 듣고, 두 사람의 관계를 가장 잘 나타낸 것을 고르시오.

① 헬스 트레이너 – 고객	② 영양사 – 조리사

③	의상 디자이너 – 모델	④ 운전 강사 – 수강생

⑤ 스포츠 용품점 직원 – 운동선수

6. 대화를 듣고, 그림에서 대화의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오.

7. 대화를 듣고, 남자가 여자에게 부탁한 일로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

① to wrap up a soccer ball	② to sponsor a child

③ to buy a birthday present	④ to help write a letter

⑤ to play with his brother

8. 대화를 듣고, 남자가 보고서 주제를 변경하려는 이유를 고르시오.

① 온라인 자료의 신뢰성이 떨어져서

② 설문 조사 분석 시간이 오래 걸려서

③ 다른 학생의 연구주제와 중복되어서

④ 기한 내에 보고서를 제출할 수 없어서

⑤ 인터뷰 대상자를 충분히 구할 수 없어서

9. 대화를 듣고, 여자가 지불할 금액을 고르시오. [3점]

① $ 27    ② $ 29    ③ $ 37     ④ $ 39     ⑤ $ 42

10. 대화를 듣고, 2015 International Music Festival에 관해 두 사람이 언급하지 않은 것을 고르시오.

① 개막일	② 장소	③ 참가국 수

④ 공연 횟수	⑤ 입장료

11. Friendly Wheels에 관한 다음 내용을 듣고, 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오.

① 14년 전에 만들어진 동아리이다.

② 신입생만 가입할 수 있다.

③ 회원의 집 주소에 따라 3개 그룹으로 나뉜다.

④ 매달 모여 여행 경로에 대해 논의한다.

⑤ 교통비를 절약하여 환경단체에 기부한다.

12. 다음 표를 보면서 대화를 듣고, 여자가 구입할 공기청정기를 고르시오.

	Air Purifier
	Model	Area coverage (sq. ft.)	Antivirus function	Warranty (years)	Price
①	A	450	○	1	$250
②	B	550	×	3	$300
③	C	600	○	5	$390
④	D	750	○	3	$350
⑤	E	900	×	1	$500

13. 대화를 듣고, 남자의 마지막 말에 대한 여자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오. [3점]

Woman:

① You’re right. You need to find a new guitar teacher.

② Exactly! You should put your studies before your hobbies.

③ Of course, you should learn fancy skills as soon as possible.

④ Right, changing guitars will certainly improve your technique.

⑤ Yes. Keep practicing the essentials and you’ll be great someday.

14. 대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Man:

① Sounds great. I’m going to let him know about it.

② For sure. He’s looking forward to his retirement.

③ Community centers should provide cultural programs.

④ Thanks for the offer. I desperately needed a job.

⑤ So, how did he overcome his depression?

15. 다음 상황 설명을 듣고, Sally가 Jonathan에게 할 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

Sally:

① Don’t worry. I’ve already made the posters.

② Would you please pick me up on your way?

③ Leave it to me and I’ll get the posters for you.

④ Don’t forget to collect the posters on time.

⑤ Please stop being picky. Give me a break.

[16~17] 다음을 듣고, 물음에 답하시오.

16. 남자가 하는 말의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? [3점]

① typical symptoms of jet lag

② criteria for setting time zones

③ effective ways to avoid jet lag

④ the sun’s effects on melatonin production

⑤ how to ensure physical comfort during flights

17. 멜라토닌 생성을 높이는 식품으로 언급되지 않은 것은?

① pineapples	② oranges	③ potatoes

④ oats	⑤ barley

이제 듣기 ․ 말하기 문제가 끝났습니다. 18번부터는 문제지의 지시에 따라 답을 하시기 바랍니다.

18. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

Piglet was suffering from the very essence of worry. His mind was filled with all manner of possible horrors and disasters. “Supposing that...,” “What if...,” and their variants are the hallmark of worry and anxiety. “Supposing a tree fell down, Pooh, when we were underneath it?” Of course it is possible. All kinds of dreadful things could happen today or tomorrow. But most of them are very unlikely. Once you allow yourself to worry about the unlikely, there is no end to worrying. Imagine looking back on a life of worry about the unlikely. It would be a life spoiled by anxiety about things, the vast majority of which never happened. Whenever you catch yourself worrying that something dreadful might happen, answer the Piglet in yourself with Pooh’s reply: “Supposing it didn’t.” Tackling existing problems is quite enough; do not waste energy and happiness on problems which do not exist.

① 일어날 것 같지 않은 일에 대해 걱정하지 마라.

② 불안을 해소하기 위해 근본적인 원인을 찾아라.

③ 과거에 얽매이지 말고 현재에 충실해야 한다.

④ 적당한 긴장감을 유지하여 일의 효율성을 높여라.

⑤ 문제 해결을 위해 여러 사람의 의견을 경청해야 한다.

19. 다음 글에 드러난 ‘I’의 심경으로 가장 적절한 것은?

Both of us quiet, I put Lucy’s Mickey Mouse pajamas on her. Silent and somewhat still, she stood on the changing table as I held her close to zip her up. I breathed in the clean smell of her hair, feeling blonde curls tickle my chin. Suddenly, Lucy reached her arms around my neck, holding the back of my head tight between her arms. Little hands, little everything, pulled me to her, and she pressed her cheek to mine. It took only a moment to realize what was happening. “She’s hugging me for the very first time.” I wanted to yell for my husband, a neighbor, anyone to come see what my daughter was doing for the first time. We held each other for a few seconds, my daughter standing on the changing table dressed in her fuzzy red sleeper, her arms around my neck, her cheek pressed to my left shoulder. “Oh, Lucy,” I whispered, my words tight with tears. I never wanted to let go.

① lost and confused	② moved and delighted	③ relaxed and relieved        ④ jealous and envious

⑤ nervous and frightened

[20~21] 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

20. Having positive relationships with peers can lead directly to resources and information that help students learn. By virtue of the fact that they are socially accepted, it is reasonable to assume that students who get along with their peers will also have access to peer resources that can promote the development of social and academic competencies. These resources can take the form of information and advice, modeled behavior, or specific experiences that facilitate learning. Teachers play the central pedagogical function of transmitting knowledge and training students in academic subject areas. However, students provide each other with valuable resources necessary to accomplish academic tasks. Students frequently clarify and interpret their teacher’s instructions concerning what they should be doing and how they should do it, provide mutual assistance in the form of volunteering substantive information and answering questions, and share various supplies such as pencils and paper.

① ways to prevent conflict among peers

② benefits of positive peer relationships in learning

③ side effects of strict school discipline on students

④ the importance of teachers’ detailed instructions

⑤ necessary components of effective teaching

21. A business incubator is, quite simply, a building that is divided into units of space, which are then leased to early‒stage small businesses. The result is a collection of offices and small warehouses filled with businesses that have one thing in common: they are businesses in the early stages of development. Each of the businesses has problems and needs that are similar, and each is in need of a variety of help, ranging from technical assistance to shared business opportunities to a simple pat on the back. Business incubators are not intended to provide permanent homes to their client businesses but rather to provide them with a temporary nurturing environment, until such time as the business is financially healthy. Upon reaching more predictable profitability, the incubated business can then be expected to “graduate” and move on to a typical office or warehouse building.

① advantages of dividing labor

② the role of business incubators

③ financial advice for incubated businesses

④ how to make profits in a competitive market

⑤ the early‒stage obstacles to small businesses

[22~23] 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

22. We have seen that individuals in many species are more likely to behave in an altruistic way when close relatives or kin will benefit than when only non‒relatives will gain. This suggests that they can recognize which members of their species are kin and which are not. How does this occur? A key point is that individuals are by no means always accurate on this issue. For example, there are several species of birds in which the parents will ignore their own offspring if they are put outside their nest. However, if a cuckoo or other bird deposits an egg inside their nest, they will look after the bird when it hatches as if it were their own. These observations suggest that individuals tend to regard any other animal living in their home as kin even if there is no close physical resemblance. [3점]

① Why Altruism Influences the Social Behavior of Birds

② Nest Defence Is the Top Priority of Parent Birds

③ Recognizing Relatives Is the Key to Survival

④ Hatching Eggs: A Symbol of Aspiration

⑤ Kin Recognition: Is It Always Precise?

23. Maximilian Ringelmann, a French engineer, studied the performance of horses in 1913. He concluded that the power of two animals pulling a coach did not equal twice the power of a single horse. Surprised by this result, he extended his research to humans. He had several men pull a rope and measured the force applied by each individual. On average, if two people were pulling together, each invested just 93 percent of his individual strength, when three pulled together, it was 85 percent, and with eight people, just 49 percent. Science calls this the social loafing effect. It occurs when individual performance is not directly visible; it blends into the group effort. It occurs among rowers, but not in relay races, because here, individual contributions are evident. Social loafing is rational behavior: Why invest all of your energy when half will do ─ especially when this little shortcut goes unnoticed? Quite simply, social loafing is a form of cheating of which we are all guilty even if it takes place unconsciously, just as it does with the horses.

① Why Teams Are Lazy

② How Cooperation Maximizes Efficiency

③ Where Individual Capability Stands Out

④ Group Competitions Make People More Alert

⑤ Social Loafing: Booster of Individual Performance

24. Jeannette Rankin에 관한 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

Jeannette Rankin was born in Missoula, Montana in 1880. After attending public schools in Missoula, Jeannette majored in biology at the University of Montana and graduated in 1902. Jeannette became the first woman elected to the U.S. Congress in 1916, before women nationwide had the right to vote. In 1917, she became one of 49 members of Congress who voted against entry into World War I. In 1941, she was the only legislator to vote against entry into World War II. The vote effectively ended her political career. In 1943, Jeannette went back to Montana rather than run for Congress again. She traveled worldwide, including to India and Turkey, promoting peace. Her long career was distinguished by her deep commitment to the country’s women, poor, and children. She continued to participate in antiwar movements actively by attending rallies and giving speeches into her 90’s.

① 대학에서 생물학을 전공했다.

② 미국에서 국회의원으로 선출된 최초의 여성이었다.

③ 국회의원 중 유일하게 제1차 세계대전 참전에 반대했다.

④ 1943년에 선거에 다시 출마하지 않고 Montana로 돌아갔다.

⑤ 90대의 나이까지 반전운동에 참가했다.

25. ICCEF 직원 모집에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일치하는 것은?

VACANCY NOTICE

ICCEF

ICCEF, the world’s leading children’s rights organization, is seeking an individual with commitment for children, high drive for results, and good self–regulation.

Post Title : Finance Manager

Appointment Type : Temporary Appointment (2 years)

Minimum Qualifications Required :

• Master’s degree in accounting, business administration,

or financial management

• Five years of professional work experience in financial

accounting

• Excellent written and spoken English skills

Major Duties and Responsibilities :

• Prepares budgets and leads its implementation and monitoring

• Provides staff training on financial and accounting policies

Your application should be sent to the following email address by 10 September 2015. Applications will not be accepted in person. Only short listed candidates will be called for an interview.

HR Specialist

Email address: iccefvacancy@iccef.org

① 정규직 직원을 선발한다.

② 박사 이상의 학위가 필요하다.

③ 재무 회계 분야에서 2년 이상의 근무경력이 필요하다.

④ 주요업무 중 하나는 직원 연수를 제공하는 것이다.

⑤ 지원서는 직접 방문하여 접수해야 한다.

26. Charity Photography Competition에 관한 다음 안내문의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

Charity Photography Competition

Have you always wanted to lend a helping hand without knowing where to start? Here is your chance!  Just participate in the competition, and you will have the chance to help your disabled neighbors. All you need to do is to simply submit a snapshot of you expressing the following theme, and you stand to win attractive prizes!

• Theme : Peace          • Deadline : 15th July 2015

• Format : JPG file (maximum 10MB)

- Captions (under 50 words) are encouraged to be submitted along with the photograph, and will be considered as part of the grading criteria.

• Participation Fee : $5

- Collection of participation fees: Further details will be sent via email at a later date.

Prizes include vouchers worth up to $100!

For more details, please call our office at (344) 888-5350.

① 대회에 참여하여 장애인을 도울 수 있다.

② 사진의 주제는 평화이다.

③ 출품작의 용량은 최대 10MB까지 가능하다.

④ 사진의 캡션은 심사 기준에 포함되지 않는다.

⑤ 참가비 수납 정보는 이메일을 통해 안내된다.

27. 다음 도표의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

The above graph shows the total U.S. primary energy production in 2011 and the percentage each energy source accounts for. ① The pie chart shows five different energy sources: natural gas, coal, petroleum, nuclear, and renewables, with the last of these divided into six further sub‒categories. ② The percentage of natural gas, coal, and petroleum in total takes up more than two thirds of the total U.S. primary energy production. ③ The data also reveals that nuclear power generation ranks last and is close behind renewables with a marginal difference of one percentage point. ④ In the category of renewable energy, biofuels and other biomass percentages combined are larger than half of the renewable energy produced while hydroelectric energy is the single largest source. ⑤ Meanwhile, the two lowest renewables, geothermal and solar, share the same percentage of two percent each.

28. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? [3점]

It has been proposed that sleep functions to conserve energy. This may be particularly relevant for warm‒blooded animals (mammals and birds) that must expend a lot of energy to maintain a body temperature higher than ① that of their surroundings. Indeed, many small mammals living in cold climates, who lose heat easily by having an unfavorable surface area to body weight ratio, ② tending to sleep a lot, often in insulating burrows. Yet sleep does not appear ③ to have evolved only in warm‒blooded animals. Some studies on reptiles and amphibians indicate that they also sleep, and there are now strong indications of a sleep‒like state in some invertebrates, such as crayfish, fruit flies, and honey bees. Also, though it is true that the overall use of energy is reduced during sleep, as ④ compared with the active waking state, there is almost as much reduction in energy use from just resting quietly. The additional energy conservation in going from the resting state to sleep ⑤ is minimal.                        * invertebrate: 무척추동물

29. 밑줄 친 he가 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?

According to Dr. Paul Ekman, a pioneer of lying research at UC San Francisco, here is an example of how difficult it is for children to grasp the qualifying role of intent in telling a lie. On the way home from school on Tuesday, a dad promises his five‒year‒old son that ① he will take him to the baseball game on Saturday afternoon. When they get home, Dad learns from Mom that earlier in the day she had scheduled a swim lesson for Saturday afternoon and can’t change it. When they tell their son, ② he gets terribly upset, and the situation melts down. Why is the kid so upset? Dad didn’t know about the swim lesson. By the adult definition, ③ he did not lie. But by the kid definition, ④ he did lie. Any false statement ― regardless of intent or belief ― is a lie. Therefore, unwittingly, Dad has given his child the message that ⑤ he approves of breaking promises.

30. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은? [3점]

The dominance of conclusions over arguments is most pronounced where emotions are involved. The psychologist Paul Slovic has proposed a theory in which people let their likes and dislikes determine their beliefs about the world. Your political ① preference determines the arguments that you find compelling. If you like the current health policy, you believe its benefits are substantial and its costs ② more manageable than the costs of alternatives. If you are a hawk in your attitude toward other nations, you probably think they are relatively weak and likely to ③ submit to your country’s will. If you are a dove, you probably think they are strong and will not be easily persuaded. Your emotional attitude to such things as red meat, nuclear power, tattoos, or motorcycles ④ follows your beliefs about their benefits and their risks. If you ⑤ dislike any of these things, you probably believe that its risks are high and its benefits negligible.

[31~33] 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

31. Customers’ needs are usually expressed as high‒level descriptions of the overall quality of a product or service. They are typically stated as adjectives and inherently do not imply a specific benefit to the customer. For instance, customers commonly say they want a product or service to be “reliable,” “effective,” “robust,” “dependable,” or “resilient.” Razor users may want the product to be “durable and strong.” Although these simple statements provide some indication as to what customers are looking for, they have one major drawback. They are

and present designers, developers, and engineers with the impossible task of figuring out just what customers really mean by “durable” or “strong.” If engineers faced the task of making a razor more “durable,” would they try to make the blade last longer, resist bending, or withstand constant moisture? Would any of these actions satisfy the customer’s true measure of “durable?” [3점]

① not appealing to female customers

② irrelevant to customers making purchases

③ preferable feedback for manufacturers only

④ ineffective in drawing consumers’ attention

⑤ imprecise statements open to interpretation

32. Many political scientists used to assume that people vote selfishly, choosing the candidate or policy that will benefit them the most. But decades of research on public opinion have led to the conclusion that self‒interest is a weak predictor of policy preferences. Parents of children in public school are not more supportive of government aid to schools than other citizens, and young men subject to the draft are not more opposed to military escalation than men too old to be drafted. Rather, people care about their groups, whether those be racial, regional, or political. The political scientist Don Kinder summarizes the findings like this: “In matters of public opinion, citizens seem to be asking themselves not ‘What’s in it for me?’ but rather ‘What’s in it for my group?’” Political opinions                            . They’re like the array of bumper stickers people put on their cars showing the political causes, universities, and sports teams they support. Our politics is groupish, not selfish.

① continue to change over time

② correlate with parental concerns

③ serve as a means of self‒display

④ function as badges of social membership

⑤ are just pie in the sky to ordinary people

33. In a study of complimenting behavior in American English, researchers discovered that one of the most striking features of compliments in American English is                                         . An initial examination of a large corpus revealed surprising repetitiveness in both the object of the compliments and the lexical items used to describe them. On closer investigation, it was discovered that regularities exist on all levels and that compliments are in fact formulas. We may categorize 80% of all compliments in the data as adjectival in that they depend on an adjective for their positive semantic value. In all, some seventy‒two positive adjectives occur in the data. What is striking, however, is that of these seventy‒two adjectives only five (nice, good, beautiful, pretty and great) are used with any frequency. While most adjectives occur only once or twice in the data, these five adjectives occur with such frequency that of all adjectival compliments in the corpus two thirds make use of only five adjectives. [3점]

* corpus: 언어 자료

① the foreign sounding qualities

② frequently misused adjectives

③ repetition of pitch patterns

④ an inherent ambiguity in meaning

⑤ the almost total lack of originality

34. 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

Once most Americans got their water only from the tap. Now they often buy their water in bottles. But bottled water costs 80 cents to $4.00 per gallon, while tap water costs only pennies per day. Is the extra expense worth it? Although the FDA sets regulations specifically for bottled water to ensure that it is safe, the Environmental Protection Agency’s standards for tap water are actually higher.     (A)    , bottled water is permitted to contain certain amounts of any bacteria. Tap water, in contrast, cannot contain any of the dangerous bacteria. Also, there are no federal filtration or disinfection requirements for bottled water, as there are for tap water. The chlorine used to treat tap water continues to kill harmful bacteria, while bottled water contains no such disinfectant to prevent bacterial growth.     (B)    , tap water is actually healthier in some respects. It usually contains fluoride, along with other minerals ― such as calcium and iron ― that are beneficial to the body.

* chlorine: 염소  ** fluoride: 플루오린 화합물

	(A)		(B)
①	For example	……	Furthermore
②	For example	……	On the contrary
③	Nevertheless	……	Consequently
④	Nevertheless	……	Similarly
⑤	In other words	……	However

35. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?

Despite all the increasingly user‒friendly and popular technology, most studies published since the early 1990s confirm earlier conclusions: paper still has advantages over screens as a reading medium. ① Together, laboratory experiments, polls, and consumer reports indicate that digital devices prevent people from efficiently navigating long texts, which may subtly inhibit reading comprehension. ② Compared with paper, screens may also drain more of our mental resources while we are reading and make it a little harder to remember what we read when we are done. ③ Whether they realize it or not, people often approach computers and tablets with a state of mind less beneficial to learning than the one they bring to paper. ④ They are favoring digital devices, as reading digital texts for facts and fun becomes more common. ⑤ E‒readers also fail to recreate certain tactile experiences of reading on paper, the absence of which some find unsettling.

[36~37] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.

36.

	In experientialism, the body is seen as playing a decisive role in producing the kind of mind we have. The mind is based on the body. In other words, the kind of body humans have influences the kind of mind they have. As a result, thought is taken to be embodied.

(A) A tree is tall relative to our average human size. In this way, categories of mind are defined by the body’s interaction with the environment. We call such features of conceptual categories “interactional properties.”

(B) As an example, take the conceptual category of TREE. How can the body play any role in our understanding what a tree is? For one thing, we understand a tree as being upright.

(C) This comes from how we experience our own bodies; namely, that we experience ourselves as being erect. For another, we see a tree as tall. The aspect of tallness only makes sense with respect to our standard evaluation of the body’s relative height. [3점]

① (A) - (C) - (B)          ② (B) - (A) - (C)

③ (B) - (C) - (A)          ④ (C) - (A) - (B)

⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

37.

	Using emotional language is a way to get your audience not only to understand your argument but also to feel it.

(A) Probably folks might like the idea of that, but they won’t necessarily bother to leave the house to go vote for it. People don’t care about traffic unless they are stuck in it and missing their children’s soccer practice.

(B) A few years ago I was involved in a campaign for a bill to fund an extra lane for a local freeway. The county wanted to run promotional ads for the bill promising to “improve our roads” and “reduce commute time.”

(C) A better approach was to run ads asking, “Wouldn’t it be nice to get to your child’s practice on time for once?” or, “Wouldn’t you like to get home early enough to have dinner with your family every night?” That helped voters picture exactly how the expanded freeway would improve their lives.

① (A) - (C) - (B)          ② (B) - (A) - (C)

③ (B) - (C) - (A)          ④ (C) - (A) - (B)

⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

[38~39] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳을 고르시오.

38.

	Looking at nature is another activity that gives our directed attention a chance to recover.

“We have two kinds of attention,” says Andrea Faber Taylor, an environmental psychologist at the University of Illinois. The first is the “directed attention” we call on for tasks that require focus, like driving or doing our taxes.    ( ① ) Directed attention tends to be tiring, however, and fatigue affects our ability to make good decisions and control destructive impulses. ( ② ) The best way to restore directed attention is to give it a rest by shifting to the second type, “involuntary attention,” which we display when we meditate. ( ③ ) For example, Roger Ulrich at Texas A&M University found that people who commuted along scenic roads recovered more quickly from stressful driving conditions than those who saw billboards, buildings, and parking lots. ( ④ ) Ulrich also looked at patients recovering from surgery. ( ⑤ ) The patients who could see trees from their hospital beds needed fewer painkillers and had shorter hospital stays than those who looked out on brick walls.

39.

	Courbet broke with this tradition and provided art history with its first public scandal with the painting “Burial at Ornans.”

Parallel to new trends in the natural sciences and humanities, the realists focused on fact and perception, thus rejecting art that was based only on imaginary worlds. ( ① ) However, they never sought to simply imitate reality since that would have been easier with photography, which had just recently been invented. ( ② ) Instead, painters like Gustave Courbet, Adolf von Menzel, Jean‒François Millet, and Honoré Daumier wanted to illustrate social conditions within their art. ( ③ ) In particular, artists chose motifs taken from industrial and rural worlds of life and labor. ( ④ ) Previously, these subjects had been handled at most in small, anecdotal genre paintings. ( ⑤ ) It portrayed an ordinary funeral and the rural mourners on a monumental scale, challenging the accepted norms of the art establishment at that time.

40. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A)와 (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? [3점]

	New York University psychologist Gabriele Oettingen studied women enrolled in a weight‒reduction program trying to lose a few pounds. In the study, the participants used positive thinking ― imagining themselves reaching their goals ― as a motivator. The results weren’t so positive. “A year later, I checked in on these women from the weight‒loss study,” Oettingen writes in the New York Times, and “the more positively women had imagined themselves in these scenarios, the fewer pounds they had lost.” As the above study and others of Oettingen’s found, positive thinking makes people feel comfortable with their present state. Too comfortable. Dreaming of the future “can drain you of the energy you need to take action in pursuit of your goals,” she says. “Positive thinking fools our minds into perceiving that we’ve already attained our goal, slackening our readiness to pursue it.”

□

	Thinking positively can actually (A) your chances of success by leading to (B) .

	(A)		(B)
①	ruin	……	inaction
②	ruin	……	nervousness
③	hinder	……	depression
④	raise	……	ambition
⑤	raise	……	satisfaction

[41~42] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

	Linda was planning to visit Amy in a distant city, but shortly before she was supposed to arrive, Linda called and canceled. Although Amy felt disappointed, she tried to be understanding. Being polite by not imposing, and respecting Linda’s need for independence, Amy said it was really okay if Linda didn’t come. Linda was very depressed at that time, and she got more depressed. She took Amy’s considerateness as indifference. Amy later felt partly responsible for Linda’s depression because she hadn’t insisted that Linda visit. This confusion was easy to fall into and hard to climb out of because ways of showing caring and indifference are inherently ambiguous. You can be nice to someone either by showing your involvement or by not imposing. And you can be mean by refusing to show involvement ― cutting her off ― or by imposing ― being “inconsiderate.” You can show someone you are angry by shouting at her or refusing to talk to her at all. You can be kind by saying something or by saying nothing. For example, if someone has suffered a misfortune ― failed an exam, lost a job, or contracted a disease ― you may show sympathy by expressing your concern in words or by deliberately not mentioning it to avoid causing pain by bringing it up. If everyone takes the latter approach, becomes a chamber in which the ill, the bereaved and the unemployed are isolated.

41. 위 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① Loneliness in the Company of Others

② The Two‒edged Sword of Politeness

③ Everybody’s Friend Is Nobody’s Friend

④ Feeling Blue? It’s an Innate Human Trait

⑤ Interpretations of Politeness in Different Cultures

42. 위 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

① silence	② dialogue

③ curiosity	④ impatience

⑤ involvement

[43~45] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.

(A)

	The little country schoolhouse was heated by an old‒fashioned coal stove. An eight‒year‒old boy named Glenn and (a) his older brother had the job of coming to school early each day so that they could use kerosene to start the fire and warm the classroom. One cold morning someone mistakenly filled the kerosene container they used with gasoline, and disaster struck. The fire killed Glenn’s brother and badly burned Glenn’s legs. * kerosene: 등유

(B)

	For two months, the parents and the doctor debated on whether to amputate. They used this time to instill in Glenn the belief that (b) he would someday walk again. They never amputated Glenn’s legs, but when the bandages were finally removed, it was discovered that his right leg was almost three inches shorter than the other. The toes on his left foot were almost completely burned off. Yet Glenn was fiercely determined. Though in unbearable pain, he forced himself to exercise daily and finally took a few painful steps. ** amputate: (손이나 발을) 절단하다

(C)

	Slowly recovering, Glenn finally threw away his crutches and began to walk almost normally. Soon he was running. This determined young man kept running and running and running ― and those legs that came so close to being amputated carried (c) him to a world record in the mile run. His full name? Glenn Cunningham, who was known as the “World’s Fastest Human Being,” and was named athlete of the century at Madison Square Garden.

(D)

	The doctor attending Glenn recommended amputating his legs. His parents were devastated. They had already lost one son, and now their other son was to lose (d) his legs. However, they did not lose their faith. They did not consent to what the doctor suggested, either. Each day they asked (e) him for a delay, praying that their son’s legs would somehow heal and he would become well again.

43. 주어진 글 (A)에 이어질 내용을 순서에 맞게 배열한 것으로 가장 적절한 것은?

① (B) - (D) - (C)  ② (C) - (B) - (D)  ③ (C) - (D) - (B)

④ (D) - (B) - (C)  ⑤ (D) - (C) - (B)

44. 밑줄 친 (a)～(e) 중에서 가리키는 대상이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?

① (a)      ② (b)      ③ (c)      ④ (d)      ⑤ (e)

45. 위 글의 Glenn에 관한 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

① 여덟 살 때 교실 난로에 불을 지피는 일을 했다.

② 화재로 형을 잃었다.

③ 사고로 오른쪽 다리가 왼쪽보다 거의 3인치 짧아졌다.

④ 1마일 경주에서 세계기록을 세웠다.

⑤ 부모님은 그의 다리 절단에 동의했다.

※ 확인 사항

답안지의 해당란에 필요한 내용을 정확히 기입(표기)했는지 확인하시오.